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Wednesday, 20 August, 2008, 14:58
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Business Start Up : Health and Safety
Main duties
 
          Under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 the main duties of employers are to:
 
  • Provide equipment and systems of work that are safe and without risks to health. 
  • Ensure the safe handling, storage, transport and use of articles and substances. 
  • Provide adequate information, instruction, training and supervision. 
  • Maintain the Workplace in a safe condition, including means of access and egress. 
  • Provide a work environment that is safe and provide adequate welfare facilities. 
  • Ensure non-employees are not put at risk. 
Employees must:
  • Take reasonable care of themselves and others who could be affected by their actions. 
  • Co-operate with their employer in matters of health and safety. 
Self-employed persons have duties to:
  • Ensure their own health and safety. 
  • Ensure the safety of non-employees who may be put at risk. 
 
The duties above are qualified by the phrase "so far as is reasonably practicable". This means that the cost and effort of doing something should be balanced against the risk. The greater the risk posed by a work activity, the greater the control measures will need to be. This process of risk assessment and control is fundamental to effective health and safety performance.
 
 
Management of health and safety
Further detailed information on these topics can be found in the A-Z Technical Information section and in the attached health and safety handbook, produced by Slough Borough Council.
 
Safety Policy
The proper and effective management of health and safety will reduce the risk of accidents and occupational ill health.
 
Good safety management will involve:-
  • Planning 
  • Organising 
  • Controlling 
  • Monitoring 
  • Reviewing 
 
Health and Safety policy statements are required for all businesses; this has to be in written form where there are five or more people employed. They should include a general statement of policy, a definition of the organisational responsibilities of directors, managers and employees, and details of the arrangements for securing a safe and healthy workplace.
 
 
Training
Training should also be carried out whenever necessary and may range from general induction training to more specific/complex matters. A simple, initial training checklist may include the following:
1. Company Safety set up/reporting structure 
2. Fire and evacuation procedures 
3. First Aid provision and location 
4. Safety Procedures; 
  • equipment/machines
  • processes
  • activities
  • hazardous locations
5. Accident/Ill Health/Defect Reporting 
6. Use of Personal protective equipment /safety equipment 
 
NB This list should not be seen as exhaustive/definitive.
 
 
Risk assessment
This is required for all your work activities and involves:
  • identifying hazards 
  • evaluating risks 
  • implementing and maintaining control measures 
  • recording the findings of risk assessment (if you employ five or more persons) 
  • monitoring and reviewing the assessments
 
Competent Person(s)
A competent person(s) must be appointed to help you carry out your health and safety responsibilities. They should possess the necessary training, experience, knowledge or other appropriate qualities.
 
 
 
Safety issues
Further information on the topics below can be found in the A-Z of Techincal Information.
 
Fire Safety
  • Do you need a Fire Certificate? 
  • What fire precautions are required? 
Full advice can be obtained from the Fire Prevention Officer
First Aid
  • Need to provide adequate and appropriate first aid equipment, facilities and personnel and to inform employees of your arrangements. 
 
Accident/Ill Health Recording and Reporting
  • Do all staff know what to do? 
 
Electricity
  • Electrical systems and portable appliances must be maintained in a safe condition. 
 
Hazardous Substances
  • The risk from substances hazardous to health must be assessed (under the COSHH Regulations 2002) and any necessary control measures implemented and maintained. 
 
Manual Handling
  • Manual Handling activities will need to be assessed and any risks reduced so far as is reasonably practicable. 
 
Display Screen Equipment
  • Where you have "users" of DSE, an assessment of their workstations must be carried out. 
 
Personal Protective Equipment
  • Selection, use and maintenance of PPE must be such as to ensure safety. Training of employees will also be required. 
 
Work Equipment
  • Must be "suitable" (i.e. safe) and maintained adequately. Contact with dangerous parts must be prevented. Training and instruction must be carried out.
Workplace
  • Workplaces must be suitably ventilated, heated and lit. They should be clean and not overcrowded. A sufficient number of sanitary conveniences and washing facilities must be provided, as should facilities to rest and eat meal. Accommodation for non-working clothing and an adequate supply of wholesome drinking water are also required. 
 
Registration
  • If you employ people in an office or shop (working more than 21 hours in aggregate total) you will need to notify the enforcing authority using form OSR1. Copies are available from your local authority or by following the link on the left menu.
 
Compulsory Insurance
  • The Employer’s Liability (Compulsory Insurance) Act 1969, requires all employers to take out and maintain an insurance policy to cover the cost of any accidents etc. that may arise out of your work activities. A current copy of the certificates should be displayed in your premises. 
 
Health and Safety Information
  • Health and Safety Law information (poster or leaflets) must be provided and conspicuously displayed. The enforcing authority’s address should be written in the appropriate space on the poster. 
 
Record Keeping
  • Records that may need to be maintained/kept include: 
  • Fire Certificate 
  • Accident Book  
  • Accident Forms (F2508) 
  • Health and Safety Policy Statement 
  • Assessments 
  • COSHH
  • Manual Handling
  • Display Screen Equipment
  • Noise
  • Personal Protective Equipment
 
 
  • Statutory inspection certificates 
- lifting plant and equipment
- hoists and lifts
- pressure systems
 
  • Equipment maintenance 
 
  • Electrical systems and appliances 
 
  • Training 
 
  • Monitoring/surveillance records. (re: control of substances hazardous to health) 
 
 
 
 
Further information on these topics can be found in the A-Z of Techincal Information.